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29:1 Sed et hoc facies, ut mihi in sacerdotio consecrentur. Tolle vitulum de armento, et arietes duos immaculatos,
And thou shalt also do this, that they may be consecrated to me in priesthood. Take a calf from the herd, and two rams without blemish,
* Footnote * Leviticus 9 : 2 Take of the herd a calf for sin, and a ram for a holocaust, both without blemish, and offer them before the Lord.
29:2 panesque azymos, et crustulam absque fermento, quae conspersa sit oleo, lagana quoque azyma oleo lita : de simila triticea cuncta facies.
*H And unleavened bread, and a cake without leaven, tempered with oil, wafers also unleavened, anointed with oil: thou shalt make them all of wheaten flour.


Ver. 2. Wafers, (lagana.) They knead them with water, and afterwards fry or bake them with oil. S. Isid. Such wafers are very common in Italy. C.

29:3 Et posita in canistro offeres : vitulum autem et duos arietes.
And thou shalt put them in a basket, and offer them: and the calf and the two rams.
29:4 Et Aaron ac filios ejus applicabis ad ostium tabernaculi testimonii. Cumque laveris patrem cum filiis suis aqua,
*H And thou shalt bring Aaron and his sons to the door of the tabernacle of the testimony. And when thou hast washed the father and his sons with water,


Ver. 4. Washed. The pagans never approached their mysteries, without divers purifications and washing. S. Clem. strom. 5. Exterior cleanliness was designed to signify the purity of the heart, with which we must appear before God. C. — It is for this reason we take holy-water, when we go into our chapels, and we wash our fingers before and during Mass. H.

29:5 indues Aaron vestimentis suis, id est, linea et tunica, et superhumerali et rationali, quod constringes balteo.
*H Thou shalt clothe Aaron with his vestments, that is, with the linen garment and the tunic, and the ephod and the rational, which thou shalt gird with the girdle.


Ver. 5. Vestments. No mention is made of breeches, because they had them on, while they were washing. V. Bede. — Belt. Sept. have read esson, instead of chesheb. "Thou shalt tie the rational to the ephod." C.

29:6 Et pones tiaram in capite ejus, et laminam sanctam super tiaram,
And thou shalt put the mitre upon his head, and the holy plate upon the mitre,
29:7 et oleum unctionis fundes super caput ejus : atque hoc ritu consecrabitur.
*H And thou shalt pour the oil of unction upon his head: and by this rite shall he be consecrated.


Ver. 7. Pour, in the form of a cross or T, according to many of the Rabbin, &c. The inferior priests were anointed only on the hands. The Levites were sprinkled with oil, mixed with the blood of the victims. The custom of anointing prophets, priests, and kings, was peculiar to the Jews; as if to foreshow Christ, the great anointed of the Lord. S. Aug. Ps. xliv. Dan. ix. 24.

29:8 Filios quoque illius applicabis, et indues tunicis lineis, cingesque balteo,
Thou shalt bring his sons also, and shalt put on them the linen tunics, and gird them with a girdle:
29:9 Aaron scilicet et liberos ejus, et impones eis mitras : eruntque sacerdotes mihi religione perpetua. Postquam initiaveris manus eorum,
To wit, Aaron and his children, and thou shalt put mitres upon them; and they shall be priests to me by a perpetual ordinance. After thou shalt have consecrated their hands,
29:10 applicabis et vitulum coram tabernaculo testimonii. Imponentque Aaron et filii ejus manus super caput illius,
*H Thou shalt present also the calf before the tabernacle of the testimony. And Aaron and his sons shall lay their hands upon his head,


Ver. 10. Head. Confessing that they are sinners, and deserve to die. Thus they shall substitute the victim instead of themselves, and obtain pardon. In the holocaust, (v. 15,) and the peace-offering, (v. 19,) they impose their hands, having first washed them) and pronounce some prayer. C.

* Footnote * Leviticus 1 : 3 If his offering be a holocaust, and of the herd, he shall offer a male without blemish, at the door of the testimony, to make the Lord favourable to him.
29:11 et mactabis eum in conspectu Domini, juxta ostium tabernaculi testimonii.
*H And thou shalt kill him in the sight of the Lord, beside the door of the tabernacle of the testimony.


Ver. 11. Beside. Al, is now wanting in the printed Heb. and Sam. though expressed by the Protestant translators, (who often help their text) and by all the ancient versions. Kennicott mentions one MS. which retains it very properly. H. — The victim was offered on the altar of holocausts, before the tabernacle, the seat of God's majesty. C. — Moses was the priest on this occasion. M. Ps. xcviii. 6.

29:12 Sumptumque de sanguine vituli, pones super cornua altaris digito tuo, reliquum autem sanguinem fundes juxta basim ejus.
*H And taking some of the blood of the calf, thou shalt put it upon the horns of the altar with thy finger, and the rest of the blood thou shalt pour at the bottom thereof.


Ver. 12. Horns. This was done in all the sacrifices of expiation. After Aaron was ordained, he carried the blood into the sanctuary, for the sins of all. C.

29:13 Sumes et adipem totum qui operit intestina, et reticulum jecoris, ac duos renes, et adipem qui super eos est, et offeres incensum super altare :
*H Thou shalt take also all the fat that covereth the entrails, and the caul of the liver, and the two kidneys, and the fat that is upon them, and shalt offer a burn offering upon the altar:


Ver. 13. Burnt-offering, (incensum.) To evaporate like incense. M. — God requires what is most fat and delicious. C. — The Persians never reserved any of the victims for their idols, except the caul. Strabo xv.

* Footnote * Leviticus 3 : 3 And they shall offer of the sacrifice of peace offerings, for an oblation to the Lord: the fat that covereth the entrails, and all the fat that is within,
29:14 carnes vero vituli et corium et fimum combures foris extra castra, eo quod pro peccato sit.
*H But the flesh of the calf, and the hide and the dung, thou shalt burn abroad, without the camp, because it is for sin.


Ver. 14. Sin of the high priest and people. In the other sin-offerings, this was not done. M.

29:15 Unum quoque arietem sumes, super cujus caput ponent Aaron et filii ejus manus.
Thou shalt take also one ram, upon the head whereof Aaron and his sons shall lay their hands.
29:16 Quem cum mactaveris, tolles de sanguine ejus, et fundes circa altare.
*H And when thou hast killed him, thou shalt take of the blood thereof, and pour round about the altar.


Ver. 16. About, upon the altar, and at the foot of it. So the pagans did. Euseb. præp. iv. 9.

29:17 Ipsum autem arietem secabis in frustra : lotaque intestina ejus ac pedes, pones super concisas carnes, et super caput illius.
And thou shalt cut the ram in pieces, and having washed his entrails and feet, thou shalt put them upon the flesh that is cut in pieces, and upon his head.
29:18 Et offeres totum arietem in incensum super altare : oblatio est Domino, odor suavissimus victimae Domini.
*H And thou shalt offer the whole ram for a burnt offering upon the altar: it is an oblation to the Lord, a most sweet savour of the victim of the Lord.


Ver. 18. Victim. Heb. ishe, means a whole burnt-offering.

29:19 Tolles quoque arietem alterum, super cujus caput Aaron et filii ejus ponent manus.
Thou shalt take also the other ram, upon whose head Aaron and his sons shall lay their hands.
29:20 Quem cum immolaveris, sumes de sanguine ejus, et pones super extremum auriculae dextrae Aaron et filiorum ejus, et super pollices manus eorum ac pedis dextri, fundesque sanguinem super altare per circuitum.
*H And when thou hast sacrificed him, thou shalt take of his blood, and put upon the tip of the right ear of Aaron and of his sons, and upon the thumbs and great toes of their right hand and foot, and thou shalt pour the blood upon the altar round about.


Ver. 20. Tip, or "softer part" Sept. This ceremony insinuated, that the priests ought to be all attentive, and perform their office with diligence. Philo. Vit. Mos. 3.

29:21 Cumque tuleris de sanguine qui est super altare, et de oleo unctionis, asperges Aaron et vestes ejus, filios et vestimenta eorum. Consecratisque ipsis et vestibus,
And when thou hast taken of the blood that is upon the altar, and of the oil of unction, thou shalt sprinkle Aaron and his vesture, his sons and their vestments. And after they and their vestments are consecrated,
29:22 tolles adipem de ariete, et caudam et arvinam, quae operit vitalia, ac reticulum jecoris, et duos renes, atque adipem, qui super eos est, armumque dextrum, eo quod sit aries consecrationis :
*H Thou shalt take the fat of the ram, and the rump, and the fat that covereth the lungs, and the caul of the liver, and the two kidneys, and the fat that is upon them, and the right shoulder, because it is the ram of consecration:


Ver. 22. Rump, or tail, for which the sheep of Arabia were famed; some having tails three yards long, others a yard thick. Herodot. iii. 113. They weighed from 12 to 30 pounds, and were almost all fat. C.

29:23 tortamque panis unius, crustulam conspersam oleo, laganum de canistro azymorum, quod positum est in conspectu Domini :
*H And one roll of bread, a cake tempered with oil, a wafer out of the basket of unleavened bread, which is set in the sight of the Lord:


Ver. 23. Roll. (torta) Heb. kikkar "a loaf." Sept. "a loaf or cake of oil." H.

29:24 ponesque omnia super manus Aaron et filiorum ejus, et sanctificabis eos elevans coram Domino.
*H And thou shalt put all upon the hands of Aaron and of his sons, and shalt sanctify them elevating before the Lord.


Ver. 24. Elevating, and then letting them descend towards the earth. After which, Moses lifted the victims towards the east and west, and from north to south, to shew that God is the Sovereign of the world. R. Solomon. — Cato (Rustic. 34,) mentions a similar custom, of agitating or waving bread, in honour of Janus and of Jupiter. C.

29:25 Suscipiesque universa de manibus eorum : et incendes super altare in holocaustum, odorem suavissimum in conspectu Domini, quia oblatio ejus est.
And thou shalt take all from their hands; and shalt burn them upon the altar for a holocaust, a most sweet savour in the sight of the Lord, because it is his oblation.
29:26 Sumes quoque pectusculum de ariete, quo initiatus est Aaron, sanctificabisque illud elevatum coram Domino, et cedet in partem tuam.
Thou shalt take also the breast of the ram, wherewith Aaron was consecrated, and elevating it thou shalt sanctify it before the Lord, and it shall fall to thy share.
29:27 Sanctificabisque et pectusculum consecratum, et armum quem de ariete separasti,
And thou shalt sanctify both the consecrated breast, and the shoulder that thou didst separate of the ram,
29:28 quo initiatus est Aaron et filii ejus, cedentque in partem Aaron et filiorum ejus jure perpetuo a filiis Israel : quia primitiva sunt et initia de victimis eorum pacificis quae offerunt Domino.
*H Wherewith Aaron was consecrated and his sons, and they shall fall to Aaron's share, and his sons', by a perpetual right from the children of Israel: because they are the choicest and the beginnings of their peace victims which they offer to the Lord.


Ver. 28. Israel. As these parts have been offered by Aaron to the Lord, so the Israelites shall present them to him and his sons, when they offer sacrifice. M. — All the different kinds of victims were immolated on this occasion, because the priests were consecrated to offer them all. D.

29:29 Vestem autem sanctam, qua utetur Aaron, habebunt filii ejus post eum, ut ungantur in ea, et consecrantur manus eorum.
*H And the holy vesture, which Aaron shall use, his sons shall have after him, that they may be anointed, and their hands consecrated in it.


Ver. 29. Vesture. A new one was not made for every high priest. C. — One of the other priests had to perform the ceremony of consecration. M.

29:30 Septem diebus utetur illa qui pontifex pro eo fuerit constitutus de filiis ejus, et qui ingredietur tabernaculum testimonii ut ministret in sanctuario.
*H He of his sons that shall be appointed high priest in his stead, and that shall enter into the tabernacle of the testimony to minister in the sanctuary, shall wear it seven days.


Ver. 30. Days. During which he could not leave the sanctuary. Levit. viii. 33. On each day, the aforesaid ceremonies were to be repeated, v. 35.

29:31 Arietem autem consecrationis tolles, et coques carnes ejus in loco sancto :
*H And thou shalt take the ram of the consecration, and shalt boil the flesh thereof in the holy place:


Ver. 31. Holy place. The court of the tabernacle, where a constant fire was kept, to prepare the food of the priests, and sometimes of others, who wished to eat their share of the victims in the presence of the Lord.

29:32 quibus vescetur Aaron et filii ejus. Panes quoque, qui sunt in canistro, in vestibulo tabernaculi testimonii comedent,
And Aaron and his sons shall eat it. The loaves also, that are in the basket, they shall eat in the entry of the tabernacle of the testimony,
* Footnote * Leviticus 8 : 31 And when he had sanctified them in their vestments, he commanded them, saying: Boil the flesh before the door of the tabernacle, and there eat it. Eat ye also the loaves of consecration, that are laid in the basket, as the Lord commanded me, saying: Aaron and his sons shall eat them.
* Footnote * Leviticus 24 : 9 And they shall be Aaron's and his sons', that they may eat them in the holy place: because it is most holy of the sacrifices of the Lord by a perpetual right.
* Footnote * Matthew 12 : 4 How he entered into the house of God, and did eat the loaves of proposition, which it was not lawful for him to eat, nor for them that were with him, but for the priests only?
29:33 ut sit placabile sacrificium, et sanctificentur offerentium manus. Alienigena non vescetur ex eis, quia sancti sunt.
*H That it may be an atoning sacrifice, and the hands of the offerers may be sanctified. A stranger shall not eat of them, because they are holy.


Ver. 33. Stranger. The Levites themselves could not partake of these things.

29:34 Quod si remanserit de carnibus consecratis, sive de panibus usque mane, combures reliquias igni : non comedentur, quia sanctificata sunt.
And if there remain of the consecrated flesh, or of the bread, till the morning, thou shalt burn the remainder with fire: they shall not be eaten, because they are sanctified.
29:35 Omnia, quae praecepi tibi, facies super Aaron et filiis ejus. Septem diebus consecrabis manus eorum :
All that I have commanded thee, thou shalt do unto Aaron and his sons. Seven days shalt thou consecrate their hands:
29:36 et vitulum pro peccato offeres per singulos dies ad expiandum. Mundabisque altare cum immolaveris expiationis hostiam, et unges illud in sanctificationem.
And thou shalt offer a calf for sin every day for expiation. And thou shalt cleanse the altar when thou hast offered the victim of expiation, and shalt anoint it to sanctify it.
29:37 Septem diebus expiabis altare, et sanctificabis, et erit Sanctum sanctorum : omnis, qui tetigerit illud, sanctificabitur.
*H Seven days shalt thou expiate the altar and sanctify it, and it shall be most holy. Every one, that shall touch it, shall be holy.


Ver. 37. Seven. This number is frequently prescribed in Scripture. Balaam required seven altars, (Num. xxiii.) and the Egyptians never spent less than seven days in their expiations. Porphyr. Abstin. 4. C. — Shall be holy, consecrated according to this rite, (M.) or defiled; for sacred things purify those who approach in a proper manner, while they defile, or increase the guilt of the unworthy. C. — By the unleavened bread, (v. 23,) we are reminded of the blessed eucharist; and by oil, of the grace of the spirit. D.

29:38 Hoc est quod facies in altari : agnos anniculos duos per singulos dies jugiter,
This is what thou shalt sacrifice upon the altar: Two lambs of a year old every day continually,
29:39 unum agnum mane, et alterum vespere,
*H One lamb in the morning, and another in the evening.


Ver. 39. Morning. About sun-rise. — Evening, or between the two vespers. Ex. xii. 6. The lambs were provided by the people; flour, wine, and oil, by the priests. Philo. — The wine was poured at the foot of the altar, the flour and oil were burnt upon it, and not placed on the head of the victim, as was customary among the pagans, frontique invergit vina sacerdos. Virg. vi. Maimon. By these sacrifices, God was to be adored as the author both of day and night; (M.) and we are admonished of our duty of praying to him, particularly at those times. H. — All the sacrifices prefigured that of Christ, (S. Aug. c. advers. i. 18,) but none more than these of lambs. Orig. in Jo. W.

29:40 decimam partem similae conspersae oleo tuso, quod habeat mensuram quartam partem hin, et vinum ad libandum ejusdem mensurae in agno uno.
*H With one lamb a tenth part of flour tempered with beaten oil, of the fourth part of a hin, and wine for libation of the same measure.


Ver. 40. Part of an epha, half of which was used in each sacrifice.

29:41 Alterum vero agnum offeres ad vesperam juxta ritum matutinae oblationis, et juxta ea quae diximus, in odorem suavitatis :
And the other lamb thou shalt offer in the evening, according to the rite of the morning oblation, and according to what we have said, for a savour of sweetness:
29:42 sacrificium est Domino, oblatione perpetua in generationes vestras, ad ostium tabernaculi testimonii coram Domino, ubi constituam ut loquar ad te.
It is a sacrifice to the Lord, by perpetual oblation unto your generations, at the door of the tabernacle of the testimony before the Lord, where I will appoint to speak unto thee.
29:43 Ibique praecipiam filiis Israel, et sanctificabitur altare in gloria mea.
*H And there will I command the children of Israel, and the altar shall be sanctified by my glory.


Ver. 43. Glory, or presence, or by the flame which shall come down from heaven to consume the victim. Lev. ix. 24. C.

29:44 Sanctificabo et tabernaculum testimonii cum altari, et Aaron cum filiis suis, ut sacerdotio fungantur mihi.
I will sanctify also the tabernacle of the testimony with the altar, and Aaron with his sons, to do the office of priesthood unto me.
29:45 Et habitabo in medio filiorum Israel, eroque eis Deus,
And I will dwell in the midst of the children of Israel, and will be their God:
29:46 et scient quia ego Dominus Deus eorum, qui eduxi eos de terra Aegypti, ut manerem inter illos, ego Dominus Deus ipsorum.
And they shall know that I am the Lord their God, who have brought them out of the land of Egypt, that I might abide among them, I the Lord their God.
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